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Iraq

Sinan Antoon on Iraq Ten Years After US Invasion: Panel Interview on DW

[Image from screenshot of below video.]

Ten Years ago, the United States and its "Coalition of the Willing" invaded Iraq while justifying such an act on shifting, conflicting, and false pretenses of combating terrorism, containing weapons of mass destruction (WMD), and democracy promotion. Subsequent to that invasion, the United States proceeded to occupy Iraq and disastrously reconfigure its political structures, economic organization, and social fabric. Of note is that such a history of destruction did not begin in 2013, but was preceded by the 1991 Gulf War and the twelve years of brutal sanctions that followed that first war. While the US occupation has de jur ended, the Iraqi people are left to ...

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Iraqi Tragedy; More than 10 Years in the Making: An Interview with Jadaliyya's Editor Sinan Antoon

[Najaf, Iraq, 27 August 2004.

19 March marked the tenth anniversary of the US-led invasion of Iraq. Ten years after the invasion and occupation of Iraq, what has changed for the country and its people? To understand the legacy of the war and occupation of Iraq, Vomena's Shahram Aghamir spoke Iraqi poet, novelist and scholar, Professor Sinan Antoon.  

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The Forgotten Protagonists: The Invasion and the Historian

[Iraqis waiting in line for food handouts in northwestern town of Biaj, 1 October 2009. Image from Fotopedia/DVIDSHUB.]

During the past week Americans, Europeans, and Middle Easterners were reminded of Iraq. A stream of photos, articles, essays, and analyses has tried to make sense of the situation in Iraq during the last decade. One group, however, does not need to be reminded of the gravity of the situation—the many Iraqis, men and women alike, whose lives have been irreversibly changed during the last decades. In this piece, I want to reflect on the kinds of themes historians have been writing about in the present, and those we ought to write about in the future. In the last ten years, we seemed to have learned much more about Iraqi history; probably more than any of us has ever ...

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العراق 1990 إلى 2003 خيانة شعب والإفلات من العقاب للأبد؟

[لوحة للفنان العراقي أحمد السوداني]

في تاريخ العراق المعاصر حدثان بعيدا الأثر: غزو العراق للكويت في الثاني من آب/ أغسطس 1990، وغزو الولايات المتحدة وبريطانيا للعراق في 19 آذار/مارس 2003. ترى هل استفاد القادة السياسيون من دروس هذين الحدثين؟ يبقى ذلك موضع تساؤل وشك. فما يزال العراقيون يتعرضون للظلم، وما يزال الخطر على الحياة والأضطراب يشكلان جانباً قاسياً من واقع البلاد حتى مطلع هذا العام، حتى باتت المعاناة الجماعية منتشرة على نحو لا يمكن إخفاؤه.  ولعل معضلة الحياة في العراق تؤكد عدداً لا يحصى من المآسي:  فمنذ الغزو الأمريكي – البريطاني عام  2003  بات التوتر العرقي والطائفية عنصراً أساسياً في سياسة العراق، وذلك في حركة استقطاب وتجاذب بين جماعات المجتمع لم يألفها العراقيون من قبل. وهذا ...

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في ذكرى مأساة حلبجة

[مقبرة حلبجة. الصورة من

تشكل مأساة حلبجة ( 16 آذار من عام 1988) حلقة في سلسلة المآسي الكبرى التي مرت في مسيرة البشرية وتاريخ صراعها مع أنظمة الحكم الفاشية والنازية التي تستند للعسكرتارية والقمع السافر للحقوق والحريات، هذه الجريمة التي راح ضحيتها عدد كبير من سكان مدينة حلبجة الوادعة وساحرة الجمال ستبقى آثارها حتى أماد بعيدة جداً، ارتكبت وسط صمت وتستر المجتمع الدولي ودوله العظمى. ومع استذكار هذه الجريمة فإننا نستذكر كل جرائم الإبادة التي حدثت أو ستحدث لاحقاً في أماكن أخرى من العالم، فالجنس البشري لا يتعظ من أخطاء وجرائم الماضي ويمتلك القدرة على الفتك والتدمير وممارسة الإبادة الجماعية. مأساة حلبجة لحظة غائرة وعميقة في ذاكرة الإنسانية وشاهد على فجيعة الإنسان المقموع ومستلب الإرادة . ومثلما يتم ...

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A Bitter Legacy: Lessons of De-Baathification in Iraq

[A demonstration in Basra on 26 January 2013. Image by Abdulkareem Alamiry via ictj.org]

[The following report was issued by the International Center for Transitional Justice on 4 March 2013.] A Bitter Legacy: Lessons of De-Baathification in Iraq Executive Summary The dramatic collapse of regimes in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) has raised many important policy and justice questions. One key question is how to deal with former regimes’ security and government apparatuses. The National Democratic Party in Egypt and the Constitutional Rally party in Tunisia were disbanded by the courts. As of late 2012, people in these countries are calling for more to be done—including cleansing remaining members of the old guard from the ...

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شاصُلّى

[نبات الحلفاء]

اللغةُ أداةٌ لمعرفةِ الأشياءِ وتشفيرِ وترميزِ المعلوماتِ عنها وتدوينها وإذاعتها للتعبيرِ والتواصلِ. للأشياءِ أسماءٌ تُعرفُ بها وعلاقاتٌ تربُطُها يُعبّر عنها بأفعالٍ وحروفٍ وظروفٍ، وأمّا دأبُ الإنسانِ في البحثِ العلمي والإبداعِ والإكتشافِ فليسَ إلا محاولةً لمعرفةِ تلكَ الأسماءِ أو تبيانِ علاقاتها ببعضِها. اللغةُ تنمو وتتمددّ كُلما إتّسَعَتْ المعرفة/الحياة وتَشَعّبَتْ طرائقها. وتقاسُ حيوية اللغة بقدرتها على الإستجابةِ لبيئة الناطقين بها وتفاعلها وتلبيتها لشروط حياتهم وإستيعابِ ملاحظاتهم عن أنفسهم وكَوْنِهِم، وهذِهِ القدرةُ بدورها تعتمدُ على ما تبذلُه الجماعة اللغوية مِنْ جهدٍ لتأهيل اللغةِ وإستنهاضها. هذان عاملان يُغَذّي أحَدُهُما الآخَرَ، ويُحدّدان حَجْمَ الذخيرةِ ...

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Muzaffar Al-Nawwab: In the Old Tavern

[Muzaffar Al-Nawwab. Image by Jamal Jum'a]

[Muzaffar al-Nawwab (b. Baghdad, 1934) is one of Iraq’s most famous and influential poets. He studied literature in Baghdad and worked as a teacher. He joined the Iraqi Communist Party at a very early age and was imprisoned and tortured under the Ba’th. He left Iraq in 1970 and lived in exile until 2011 when he returned to Baghdad for a visit. Al-Nawwab is well known in Iraq and throughout the Arab world, especially among leftists and activist of various generations, for his powerful revolutionary poems and scathing invectives against Arab regimes and dictators. Banned in most Arab countries, his poems circulated widely from the 1970s onward on cassettes. They are widely ...

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Watching Jacob

[Detail of Eugene Delacroix's

In the late 1980s to mid-1990s, Eugène Delacroix's wall painting "Jacob Wrestling with the Angel" at San Sulpice in Paris became a symbolic and iconic painting for me, a prism that reflected East and West dynamics. This exploration turned to obsession. However, before I delved into this painting and many others by Delacroix, I was a student of Edward Said in my approach; a visual inquiry that paralleled Said’s literary one. Said’s Orientalism, The Question of Palestine and After the Last Sky propelled me to search for historical themes in European paintings and drawings–-and not just Orientalist subjects, but also how Europeans portrayed ...

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Event: Proxy and Invisible Detention in the US Counterinsurgencies in Iraq and Afghanistan (12 March 2013, Rutgers University)

Proxy and Invisible Detention in the US Counterinsurgencies in Iraq & Afghanistan 12 March 2013, 5:00 - 6:30 p.m. Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey The Center for Middle Eastern Studies at Rutgers University presents "Proxy and Invisible Detention in the US Counterinsurgencies in Iraq & Afghanistan," a talk by Dr. Laleh Khalili, Reader in Politics of the Middle East SOAS, University of London. This talk examines the use of proxies by the United States in the War on Terror and traces their historical roots.  In the US case, extraordinary rendition had been used as early as the 1970s in the US War on ...

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New Texts Out Now: Dina Rizk Khoury, Iraq in Wartime: Soldiering, Martyrdom, and Remembrance

[Cover of Dina Rizk Khoury,

Dina Rizk Khoury, Iraq in Wartime: Soldiering, Martyrdom, and Remembrance. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 2013. Jadaliyya (J): What made you write this book? Dina Rizk Khoury (DRK): The 2003 US invasion of Iraq was the chief impetus for writing this book. I had been about halfway through writing a book on the politics of reform and rebellion in Ottoman Baghdad when the build-up for the 2003 invasion began. Ottoman Baghdad receded very quickly from my focus. I was frustrated as a historian and as an opponent of the war with the way that Iraq was reduced to a set of symbols and catch phrases—Saddam Hussain, the sanctions, WMD, Ba’th oppression, ...

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Zaha Hadid: Black Square, White Cube, and the Twenty-First Century Museum

[Zaha Hadid's Eli and Edythe Broad Art Museum. Image by Paul Warchol (2012). Copyright the photographer. Courtesy of Zaha Hadid Architects]

The staircase of Zaha Hadid Architects’ recently opened Eli and Edythe Broad Art Museum at Michigan State University in East Lansing is sleek and straightforward. Its intention is functional; its design is simple (as simple as a contorted, suspended mass can be). A departure from the use of a traditional grand stairway as a means of announcing the authority of an American cultural institution, its narrow path cuts through three distinct levels of sensory experience, as each floor of the museum has been configured to showcase a varied permanent collection.   Positioned as the building’s spine, the birch and black staircase urges visitors to follow the dynamic energy ...

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مات عمو صباح

"مات عمو صباح"، قالتها أمي بتردد وهي تسبقها بكلمات تمهد لها. " أعرف أن هذا سيحزنك" قالت بهدوء وهي تحادثني اليوم على الهاتف من حيث لا تزال في الشرق الأوسط، وهي تطمئن علي في عاصمة الثلج والإسمنت. لن يمر وقت طويل حتى أودع كل من أناديهم بلقب "عمو"، وهو ما ننادي به من نحترمهم ونحبهم كآبائنا. هو صديق أبي، وأخ أصغر لرئيس سابق للعراق، ولكن هذا لم يكن يوماً سبباً في محبتي له. هو بغدادي أصيل، أعني بذلك لهجته، وروحه المرحة ونكاته التي تنتهي دوما بضحكات مجلجلة يسمعها كل من في البيت. ...

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Event -- Shades of Occupation: Iraq After 10 Years (29 March, Haverford College)

Shades of Occupation: Iraq After 10 Years 2013 Mellon Symposium Friday, 29 March 2013  Haverford College Convened by Zainab Saleh, Mellon Postdoctoral Fellow and Visiting Assistant Professor of Anthropology, Haverford College This interdisciplinary symposium will be held on the 10th anniversary of the US-led invasion of Iraq as a venue to examine multiple dimensions of the decade-long occupation. Despite the US Army's official withdrawal from the country, the US presence in Iraq as a military, ...

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Rise Up: Iraq

The street that your question describes as “quiet” is actually silent only as a result of repression, especially after the protests of February 2011 when the authorities revealed their violence openly—using the army to clamp down on nonviolent protests and firing live ammunition at peaceful protestors. — Falah Alwan, 22 January 2013, The Federation of Workers Councils and Unions in Iraq. As the world marks ten years since the US invasion of Iraq, many will be thinking of that place again, ...

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ترجمة الحرب: التغيير وغياب الفاعل

تمر هذه الأيام الذكرى العاشرة للغزو الأمريكي للعراق واحتلاله عام ٢٠٠٣، أو ما يحلو لبعض المثقفين العراقيين أن يسمّوه "التغيير." وهذه المفردة تستحق الوقوف عندها؛ دلالاتها والخطاب السياسي الذي تعكسه وتعيد انتاجه، بغض النظر عن نوايا من يستخدمها. فليس اختيار هذه المفردة، بالذات، محض اختصار، فـ"الحرب" أو "الغزو" تفيان بالغرض. فما الذي تضيفه هذه المفردة التي قد تبدو بريئة للوهلة الأولى، لكنها ليست كذلك البتة؟ وربما علينا أن نحوّر السؤال المطروح، لنقول: ما الذي تضببه أو تمحوه؟ وما ...

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كتب: عصام الخفاجي: ولادات متعسّرة: العبور إلى الحداثة في أوربا والمشرق

  ["كتب" هي سلسلة تستضيف "جدلية" فيها الكتاب في حوار حول أعمالهم الجديدة، نرفقه بمقاطع من الكتاب] عصام الخفاجي، ولادات متعسّرة: العبور إلى الحداثة في أوربا والمشرق  المركز القومي للترجمة، ٢٠١٣     جدلية: ماهي الأفكار والأطروحات الرئيسية التي يتضمنها الكتاب؟ عصام الخفاجي: ثمة عمليات تاريخية متشابهة (وليست متطابقة) سياسية واقتصادية واجتماعية تتشارك فيها كل المجتمعات السائرة نحو الحداثة. العمليات التاريخية المتشابهة لا تقود بالضرورة إلى نتائج متشابهة. ...

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تودد أو الثورة التي لا تؤنث لا يعول عليها : الجزء الثالث: التأنيث في الشعر ثورة

[ هذه المقالة هي الثالثة في سلسلة مقالات. يمكن قراءة الجزء الأول هنا والجزء الثاني هنا] إنَّ القصيدة رَمْيَةُ نَرْدٍ  علي رُقْعَةٍ من ظلامْ تشعُّ، وقد لا تشعُّ فيهوي الكلامْ كريش على الرملِ / لا دَوْرَ لي في القصيدة غيرُ امتثالي لإيقاعها : حركاتِ الأحاسيس حسّاً يعدِّل حساً وحَدْساً يُنَزِّلُ معني وغيبوبة في صدي الكلمات وصورة نفسي التي انتقلت من أَنايَ إلى غيرها واعتمادي على نَفَسِي وحنيني إلى النبعِ / لا دور لي في القصيدة إلاَّ إذا انقطع الوحيُ والوحيُ حظُّ المهارة إذ ...

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February Culture

Jadaliyya's February Culture Bouquet is our most colorful so far! Our new series Visuals in 1500 returns with contributions by artists Doris Bittar and Sundus Abdul Hadi. Pierre Joris and Habib Tangour share their introduction and selections from their massive anthology of written and oral literature of the Maghreb. Emily Drumsta translates a poem by the pioneer Iraqi poet Nazik al-Mala'ika. Sebastian Anstis translates Libyan writer Omar Al-Kikli. Nicole Fares translates an excerpt from a novel by ...

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"Revolt Against the Sun" by Nazik al-Mala'ika

Revolt Against the Sun By Nazik Aal-Mala’ika [The Iraqi poet Nazik al-Mala'ika is perhaps best known for the important role she played in the development and popularization of Arabic "free verse" (or taf'ila poetry) in the 1950s. After laying out the basic parameters of this new poetic form in the preface to her second collection of poetry, Fragments and Dust (Shazaya wa Ramad) in 1949, she later expanded her discussion of the topic in a critical text titled Issues in Contemporary Poetry ...

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Herstory Repeats Itself

There is always a beginning. I reflect my ancestry and hope to do it justice by continuing to survive creatively. The complexity of our post-modern lives has both limited and made limitless our capabilities to reference our past. While many of us are blessed with mobility and migration, we are similarly plagued with displacement, political corruption and social status-quos. We flock to museums and gawk over our inherited histories, spiritually disconnected from the artifacts of the deceased. We consume ...

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The Feb 15 Call for Global Protests for Democracy, Solidarity and Justice

[The following statement was issued by an international group of activists and scholars on 15 February 2013.] Ten years ago, millions of people around the world said "no" to war on February 15, 2003. Now, we say "yes" to peace; "yes" to demilitarizing, to having decent lives, including economic lives, determined by democratic principles.  The invasion of Iraq still began after the 2003 protests, but the violence wreaked by Bush was still more limited than the U.S. ...

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Call for Papers -- Difficult Transition: Iraq's Road to Democracy (2 March, London)

Difficult Transition: Iraq`s Road to Democracy 2 March 2013 SOAS, University of London           This one-day conference will bring together academics, policy-makers, politicians, journalists and civic organisations from both inside and outside of Iraq to examine the country's experiences with democratic governance since the fall of the Baath regime in April 2003. The relationship between democracy and the country's political, social and cultural trends will be explored ...

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الحائِرُ بِحَياتِهِ

اليوم تذكّرتُ الحياةَ. تذكّرتُ أني حين ركضتُ خلفَ الحياة تركتُ الحياة خلفي. شعرتُ بِرُهاب كبير. أخفيه ولكنه يتسرّبُ من جوارحي. رأيتُ أحدهم  يضحكُ فعجبت. رأيته يشعر بالبهجة فغبطته.  لم أغبطه. كأنه عندي كان يفتعل السعادة. تساءلتُ كيف يشعر من يكون على ما يرام. كان يحاول أن يجذبني إلى حديثه ولكن كان يذعرني الحديث إليه. كنت أخشى أن يحدّق فيّ. كانت هواجسي تتشاجرُ. كنت أحاذرُ أن يسمعني. كنت أخاف أن أقترب منه أو يقترب مني. إرتعبت وتلمست جسدي كأنني كنت أخشى أن تفزعه ثآليلي.  هكذا كنت ...

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