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![[الاسكندرية تصوير عمر علي]](/content_images/3/hero2_hesham.jpg)
![[Imiter residents demonstrate near Africa’s largest silver mine. Photo courtesy of Mamfakinch.]](/content_images/3/hero2_ScreenShot2013-05-24at10.45.39AM.png)
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The Makers of the Revolution
![[Anti-regime protesters at Ummayyad Mosque. Image from AP.]](/content_images/3/sm_makersofrev.jpg "[Anti-regime protesters at Ummayyad Mosque. Image from AP.]")
All it takes is three or four fida’iyyin [persons ready to sacrifice for a cause] in every mosque chanting slogans after the end of prayer. It also depends on many factors. For example, in the coastal city of Banyas, the residents are all very familiar with each other, and it is easy to distinguish “strangers” or “collaborators/spies.” It was enough for one young man, Anas al-Shaghry—who enjoyed everyone’s respect and possessed a certain level of charisma despite his young age (twenty-three years)—to start praising the omnipotence of God and to chanting slogans for the rest of the congregants in the mosque to follow him. Thereafter, most of the city’s residents ...
Keep Reading »Jadaliyya Launches "New Texts Out Now" (NEWTON)
![[NEWTON=New Texts Out Now]](/content_images/3/sm_NEWTONLOGO.jpg "[NEWTON=New Texts Out Now]")
Jadaliyya is delighted to announce the launching of its newest section: New Texts Out Now (NEWTON); click here to access the page directly. NEWTON features interviews with writers of recently published and forthcoming books, articles, and translations, along with short excerpts from these new works. We hope it will be a resource for readers anxious to keep up with new publications in the field, as well as those looking for more information about a variety of topics and issues related to the Middle East. In our inaugural installment, we are very pleased to be featuring: Hamid Dabashi, Brown Skin, White Masks Paul Amar, “Middle East Masculinity Studies: Discourses of ...
Keep Reading »New Texts Out Now: Paul Amar, "Middle East Masculinity Studies"
Paul Amar, “Middle East Masculinity Studies: Discourses of ‘Men in Crisis,’ Industries of Gender in Revolution,” Journal of Middle East Women’s Studies 7.3 (Fall 2011): 36-71. Jadaliyya: What made you write this article? Paul Amar: I began drafting this article two years ago in order to seek ways out of the impasse in which the study of sexuality in the Middle East had become trapped. I was asking myself, how do we highlight aspects of coloniality, geopolitics, and power in the study of sexuality, without, on the one hand, reducing the social subjects of sexuality to the dupes, tools, or incitements of Empire or, on the other hand, celebrating “sexual minority ...
Keep Reading »تيمورلنك في سورية
![[لوحة لكمال الدين بهزاد تصور معركة تيمولنك مع فرج ]](/content_images/3/sm_Behzad.jpg "[لوحة لكمال الدين بهزاد تصور معركة تيمولنك مع فرج ]")
غزا تيمورلنك سورية عام 1400. كان ذلك جزءاً مما عرف بحملة السنوات السبع التي قادها هذا الفاتح الدموي العجوز (ولد عام 1336) ضد كلٍ من المماليك والعثمانيين بعد قضائه على التغلقيين في الهند. وقد شجع تيمورلنك على هذه الحملة وفاة السلطان برقوق المملوكي في مصر، فسار وجيشه اللجب من سمرقند عام 1399 وفتح أرمينيا وأذربيجان وجورجيا، وقتل أفراد حاميات وأهل المدن التي احتلها كما كانت عادته في غالبية غزواته. ثم سار جنوباً عبر الأناضول واحتل ودمر سيواس وملطية وعين تاب، وفعل الشيء نفسه بحامياتها وأهلها قبل أن يعبر باتجاه شمال سورية. أرسل تيمورلنك رسالة إلى نائب السلطنة في حلب يهدده بالويل والثبور لكي يستسلم ويفتح أبواب المدينة أمام جيشه. فما كان من الأمير المملوكي ...
Keep Reading »New Additions to the Literature on Cairo
Nezar AlSayyad. Cairo: Histories of a City. Cambridge, Mass.: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2011. David Sims. Understanding Cairo: the Logic of a City out of Control. Cairo; New York: The American University in Cairo Press, 2010. Nezar AlSayyad’s Cairo: Histories of a City and David Sims’ Understanding Cairo: The Logic of a City out of Control are the latest additions to a vast body of literature on Cairo’s urban development. In these early days following the 25 January revolution, Cairo has become a focal point for urban planners and architects who see recent events as an opportunity to position the city at the center of public discourse. Since January ...
Keep Reading »On the Current Conjuncture in Israel
Many progressives around the world have been wondering out loud about what exactly has been going on here for the last month. Who are the unprecedented crowds taking to the streets in the name of "the people" (ha'am), demanding "social justice" (tzedek hevrati), and what exactly do they want? Is there any connection to the ongoing occupation and oppression of the Palestinians? And if not, can the protests be at all justified? In order to achieve true "social justice" – that is, to defeat exploitation in all its forms – it is necessary to defeat the particular kinds of exploitation inherent in the situation, even if these appear as something ...
Keep Reading »The Syrian "Common": The Uprising of the Working Society
![[A Syrian Protester. Image from Unknown Archive]](/content_images/3/sm_SyrianV.jpg "[A Syrian Protester. Image from Unknown Archive]")
The ongoing Syrian uprising has paradoxical effects on Syrian society. On the one hand, it is an unparalleled opportunity for political education and for gaining a better understanding of the country’s affairs in general. On the other, it raises the human cost of the political transformation that an increasing percentage of Syrians yearn for and has the potential to lead to an internal conflict as well as major threats to the national entity. 1. This exceptional crisis allows hundreds of thousands of Syrians to follow politics intensely. It represents a formative experience for the thought and character of tens of thousands of youth and that is a great asset for ...
Keep Reading »هشام صفي الدين: الإستبداد والثورة عودة الكواكبي
في أواخر 1899، غادر القاضي والسياسي والصحافي عبد الرحمن الكواكبي بلاد الشام، خلسة، الى مصر. كان مهموم الفؤاد مجروح الكبرياء، بعدما بلغ الخلاف بينه وبين ولاة السلطنة العثمانية في حلب أشده. لم يمض على رحيله ثلاثة أعوام ونيف، حتى توفي في القاهرة عن 47 عاماً، في ظروف غامضة، على الأرجح مسموماً. تخلصت السلطنة من مشاكس سياسي ومحرض فكري، لكنّها لم تستطع أن تتخلص من إرث الرجل. بعد انقضاء أكثر من مائة عام على رحيله، تستحضر الانتفاضات العربية الراهنة، وخاصة تلك المشتعلة في موطنه سوريا، سيرة الكواكبي وكتاباته عن الاستبداد. فمرور الزمن عدّل في آليات الاستبداد، لكنّه لم يغيّر الكثير من جوهره، تماماً كما لم تبدل الرأسمالية التي قلبت المجتمع الإنساني رأساً على عقب، ماهية العلاقة بين ...
Keep Reading »The Never Ending Story: Protests and Constitutions in Morocco
![[King Mohammed IV casting his vote in the constitution referendum. Image from wn.com]](/content_images/3/sm_constrefmor.jpg "[King Mohammed IV casting his vote in the constitution referendum. Image from wn.com]")
On 1 July 2011, Moroccans went to the polls in a referendum promoted by King Mohammed VI to approve a new constitution to replace that of 1996. A vote of over ninety-eight percent, in an official turnout of over seventy-two percent, unsurprisingly approved the new text. The new constitution supposedly represents a further step in the direction of establishing a liberal-democratic system and does indeed contain provisions to that effect. For instance there is now the explicit recognition that Morocco is a ”parliamentary constitutional monarchy,“ that national identity is pluralistic and not simply Arab and Muslim, and that, crucially, the figure of the King is no longer ...
Keep Reading »أمريكا تبحث عن أرنب آخر في القبعة
![[hzoma.blogspot.com المصدر]](/content_images/3/sm_dollar20squeezed.jpg "[hzoma.blogspot.com المصدر]")
هل يمكن تفادي دخول العالم في كساد آخر عميق يحول أسوأ كوابيس الرأسمالية العالمية إلى حقيقة؟ هكذا تساءل الاقتصادي الأمريكي الشهير نورييل روبيني في مقاله أمس في جريدة الفاينانشيال تايمز البريطانية العريقة تحت عنوان "المهمة المستحيلة: منع كساد جديد". يشير روبيني إلى أن ماحدث في الولايات المتحدة على مدى الأسبوعين الماضيين، أي الجدل حول سقف الدين الحكومي الأمريكي ثم تخفيض مؤسسة ستاندارد آند بورز الائتمانية لتقييم اقتصاد الولايات المتحدة، لم يكن فقط إلا القشة التي قصمت ظهر البعير. صحيح أن هذا التقييم كان دعامة أساسية للرأسمالية العالمية والتوازن الدقيق الذي أقامت حياتها عليه خلال السنوات الماضية، وأن تخفيضه، الذي لم يكن يعتقد أحد أنه ممكن، إذ كان يجعل من الأوراق ...
Keep Reading »Emergency, Governmentality, and the Arab Spring
![[Image from http://www.flickr.com/photos/salamanderr/4715355178/in/photostream/]](/content_images/3/sm_Image2-EndtheStateofEmergency.jpg "[Image from http://www.flickr.com/photos/salamanderr/4715355178/in/photostream/]")
With states of emergency proving salient to the unfolding of the “Arab Spring” and continuing to permeate the political landscape—through opposition to long-standing emergencies as well as proclamations of new ones—it is worth reflecting on the genesis and underlying essence of emergency law. The ostensible premise of the doctrine of emergency is one of a last resort mechanism to be implemented for the common good, with the temporary suspension of certain freedoms necessary to facilitate an expedient return to normalcy and the full restoration of human rights. Historical experience, however, from European colonialism to Arab dictatorship, suggests that reality is ...
Keep Reading »Collateral Damage: #Oslo Attacks and Proliferating Islamophobia
![[Aftermath of Oslo attack. Image from unknown archive.]](/content_images/3/sm_oslo-attacks-23072011.jpg "[Aftermath of Oslo attack. Image from unknown archive.]")
As the world continues to reel from the shockwaves sent by the recent violence in Norway, we need also to grapple with the reactions that immediately followed and what they mean. An online analysis of Twitter posts carried out by R-Shief, a lab that provides real-time analysis of opinion about late-breaking issues, gives credence to what observers have been condemning as an appalling day for Western media—and which laid bare a proliferating Islamophobia. Just as real events on the ground last week in Oslo created a global impact, so did the words, media, and proliferation of racist sentiment over the Internet. It is critical to recognize the impact of this global ...
Keep Reading »حول النفي والخوف: فكرتان على ضوء الاحتجاج الإسرائيلي
لقد طُرحت مواقف عديدة فيما يتعلق بالاحتجاجات الاجتماعية-الاقتصادية في إسرائيل يناقش معظمها مضمون هذا الاحتجاج، أي ما فيه من شعارات ومطالب وجهات مشاركة، وتُظهر آراء كثيرة تناقُض هذه المطالب وهذا الاحتجاج مع نضالنا كأبناء الشعب الفلسطيني من خلال مضمون الاحتجاج، شعاراته والمشاركين فيه. قبل أن أبدي وجهة نظر مختلفة لا بد من طرح تنويهين لا يمكن للموقف أن يكتمل دون توضيحهما. الأمر الأوّل: إن الحديث عن علاقة التناقض أو التماثل بين طرفين "نحن" و"هم" لا يُقصد فيه تقسيم عرقيّ، بمعنى أننا لا ...
Keep Reading »New Texts Out Now: Hamid Dabashi, "Brown Skin, White Masks"
Hamid Dabashi, Brown Skin, White Masks. New York and London: Pluto Press, 2011. JADALIYYA: What made you write this book? HAMID DABASHI: This book is very much a product of the Bush era (2000-2008) — a record of my fears and trembling at the sight of a criminally delusional man at the helm of an imperial killing machine and lacking any moral conception of what it was he was doing when he ordered the invasion of Afghanistan and Iraq, two catastrophic decisions that Afghans and Iraqis continue to pay for ...
Keep Reading »New Texts Out Now: Ahmed Kanna, "Dubai, the City as Corporation"
Ahmed Kanna, Dubai, the City as Corporation. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2011. Jadaliyya: What made you write this book? Ahmed Kanna: This is my first book. It emerged from my dissertation research. When I first started studying anthropology in graduate school, I thought I would do fieldwork in Lebanon and on Levantine cultures (having spent a couple of summers traveling and living in Damascus and especially Beirut). At ...
Keep Reading »NATO's "Conspiracy" against the Libyan Revolution
In an op-ed published in the Wall Street Journal (19 July 2011), Max Boot— the aptly named neoconservative author and military historian known for his support for “democracy promotion” at the point of a gun, and an ardent supporter of full-scale US military engagement in Libya—referred to a Financial Times article (15 June) that compared the current aerial bombing campaign over Libya and the Kosovo air war in 1999 in order to emphasize “the lack of firepower in the Libya operation.” Boot commented, ...
Keep Reading »A Creature Which Would Be Impossible If It Did Not Exist: "Midnight's Children" Turns Thirty
Salman Rushdie’s Midnight’s Children, which turns thirty this year, opens with one of the most celebrated bouts of throat-clearing in literary history: I was born in the city of Bombay...once upon a time. No, that won’t do, there’s no getting away from the date: I was born in Doctor Narlikar’s Nursing Home on August 15th, 1947. And the time? The time matters, too. Well then: at night. No, it’s important to be more...On the stroke of midnight, as a matter of fact. Clock-hands joined palms in respectful ...
Keep Reading »I'm Sorry
[This is the eleventh installment of Amal Hanano's diary of her trip back to Aleppo. You can read previous posts here.] The hours before leaving are always the worst. It is the curse of al-mahjar, the diaspora, no matter how long you have lived away from home, a part of you is uprooted every time you leave. On departure days, you suffocate in a fog of gloom. But this time was not every time, this time the contradiction between the fragility here and the stability there, magnified my sadness. The fear ...
Keep Reading »Trying Mubarak
On the morning of August 3, 2011, Egypt stood still as millions watched the televised trial of their former president Hosni Mubarak begin. The other defendants in Case 1227, Qasr al-Nil, were Mubarak’s two sons Gamal and Alaa, his tycoon business associate Hussein Salem, former Interior Minister Habib al-Adly, and six of his aides, variously charged with the deliberate killing of protestors, and profiteering on a massive scale. Traffic reduced to a trickle on Cairo’s streets, as shop-keepers, cafe owners ...
Keep Reading »"The United States Is Not Qualified to Intervene on Behalf of Democracy in the Region": Al-Jazeera Interview with Jadaliyya Co-Editor
This interview was conducted with Jadaliyya Co-Editor, Bassam Haddad, on the role of the United States in Syria. After five months of continuous suppression of protests in Syria, resulting in nearly 2000 deaths and more than 15,000 arrests, the Syrian regime is facing growing regional and international pressures to stop the violence and engage in serious dialogue with various segments of the Syrian opposition. Some have critiqued the United States for not doing more, or intervening further, in the Syrian ...
Keep Reading »Syria's Torment
There are two political-intellectual prisms through which the recurrent conflagrations of the modern Middle East are conventionally seen. One casts the region’s stubborn ills as internally caused -- by the outsize role of religion in public life, the persistence of primordial identities like sect and tribe, and the centuries-long accretion of patriarchal norms. The other espies the root of all evils in external interference, from European colonialism to the creation of Israel and assorted ventures of the ...
Keep Reading »Haletna bel Romancy
Concert Review and Interview: Mashrou' Leila, Beirut Hippodrome, July 29, 2011. Yalla, conjure your stereotype. Humid, jasmine-scented nights; hot, diesel-loaded days; pockmarked buildings; the blue Mediterranean crashing on the popular Corniche boardwalk; Lebanese women; Lebanese men; the middle of 2011 in the middle of the Middle East…a thousand and one nights? Go for it. Get yourself an image of Beirut. Beirut, the fortress of yesteryear, the metropolis of tomorrow, the quagmire of the ...
Keep Reading »"عن العدوان الثلاثي، ومسلسل "في حضرة الغياب
تعرّض محمود درويش لعدوان ثلاثي شنه، مع سابق إصرار وترّصد، ممثل رديء، وسيناريست متوسط الكفاءة في أفضل الأحوال، ومخرج شاطر. لا أعتقد أن ثمة كلمة، وبقدر ما يتعلّق الأمر بمسلسل اسمه "في حضرة الغياب"، توجز ما حدث أبلغ من العدوان. قبل الاستطراد فلنعد إلى أفكار أساسية منها: -1 - أولا، محمود درويش شخصية عامة، وبالتالي فهي ملك للناس بالمعنى الواسع للكلمة، بمن فيهم الممثل، والسيناريست، والمخرج. ثانياً، هذه الملكية لا تنفي حقيقة إضافية مفادها حق الآخرين في الحكم على كفاءة الممثل، والسيناريست، ...
Keep Reading »التوافق السياسي ننتزعه من قلب المعركة
ظهر هؤلاء في مظاهرة 27 مايو بالتحرير التي سميت بـ "جمعة الغضب الثانية". مجموعة من الشباب طافت الميدان بحثا عن أي لافتات حزبية لانزالها بالقوة، "لأن الثورة فوق الأحزاب التي تولد الاختلاف وتقوم على المصالح الخاصة". هذا العداء للحزبية، الذي يتسع للتوجس من الاختلاف السياسي عموما، لدى قطاعات من السياسيين والكتاب، وليس فقط بعض الشباب حديث العهد بالسياسة، هو امتداد لثقافة سنوات من القمع السياسي والتحريض الاعلامي على الحزبية والاختلاف، الذي لابد وأن يكون مأجورا ومعبرا عن مصالح سياسية أنانية ...
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