[This monthly media roundup addresses significant, non-comprehensive news and updates from/on Sub-Saharan African countries, including additional themes on major powers’ intervention and activities in the continent, recent publications and studies, and other relevant material. Should you have any comments or submissions, please email us at SSAR@Jadaliyya.com.]
Arab League Countries in Africa
Comoros
Bullfighting, dancing and spending big: a wedding in the Comoros – photo essay (1/17/2020) In the Comoros, weddings are a major source of expenditure, with bullfighting, dancing, and socializing for several days.
Comoros president's party wins poll boycotted by opposition (1/21/2020) The Convention for the Renewal of the Comoros (CRC) won a landslide victory in legislative elections in Comoros. The CRC is headed by President Azali Assoumani, and the opposition parties boycotted the vote.
Comoros' Fouad Bachirou on advice and inspiration from Claude Makelele (1/28/2020) A Comoran footballer shares life advice.
Formation of a huge underwater volcano offshore the Comoros: Seismologists have for the first time observed processes in the upper mantle before the formation of an enormous underwater eruption (1/28/2020) Comoros is now home to an underwater volcano observed by scientists off the coast of one of the Islands.
Kenya’s political scene is set on Kenyatta succession (1/14/2020) Since the conclusion of Kenya’s 2017 election, the country has seen many posturing well ahead of the country’s 2022 elections, where President Uhuru Kenyatta will step down. The President has yet to name a preferred successor to his position.
Djibouti
Coronavirus Case Suspected in Djibouti, Where US and China Base Troops (1/30/2020) A case of coronavirus has been reported in Djibouti, where American soldiers along with their Chinese counterparts are stationed.
Cuba's advances in education highlighted in Djibouti (1/27/2020) Cuban Vice Minister for Education Dania Lopez touted the island nation's accomplishments and significant investment in education on a visit to Djibouti.
Djibouti, Eritrea face threats as US-Iran conflict escalates: Crisis Group (1/3/2020) Djibouti is facing a risk of blowback from the conflict between the United States and Iran, following the American targeted killing of Iranian General Qassem Soleimani.
Djibouti: Strengthening Africa’s Passage To Prosperity (1/31/2020) Djibouti has enacted economic reforms aimed at attracting foreign investment, according to Forbes magazine.
Submarine cable linking East Africa lands in Djibouti (1/22/2020) The submarine cable that links Djibouti, Kenya, Somalia, and the breakaway Somali region of Puntland.
Mauritania
10 men jailed in Mauritania over 'gay party' video (1/28/2020) Ten men have been jailed by police in Mauritania where current law prohibits homosexual activity.
Mauritania: Parliament Forms Committee to Investigate Deals Concluded Under Previous Govt (1/29/2020) The Mauritanian parliament has formed a committee to investigate suspected abuses of power by former President Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz
Mauritania: Police arrest 10 after seeing video of ‘gay wedding’ (1/31/2020) Police in Mauritania have reportedly arrested men at a supposed gay wedding, and then continued to hold them after it turned out to be a birthday party.
Somalia
Despite record number of US airstrikes in Somalia, al-Shabab militant group is surging (1/14/2020) Since the Trump administration increased airstrikes against al-Shabab in Somalia, the organization has killed an estimated 2,000 Somali civilians and carried out its most brazen and successful attack against US forces, killing 3 Americans and destroying US military equipment in an airbase in Kenya.
Driven out by drought: Farmland turns barren in Somalia (1/14/2020) - Drought in Somalia has driven more than 2.5 million people off of their homes and farmland as the land desertifies, as Al-Jazeera reports in a video piece.
Possible Ways Forward on Somalia & Somaliland Dialogue (1/18/2020) The author argues that Somaliland is entitled to international recognition under the precedents of cases such as Serbia and Montenegro or East Timor.
Somali PM suspends World Bank funded project following public uproar (1/14/2020) The Prime Minister of Somalia announced the suspension of a World Bank funded development project following a public uproar. The $112 million grant aimed ‘to deliver prioritized infrastructure in Somalia’s cities and strengthen municipal government capacity’, which caused controversey over a percieved discrimination against other regions of the country.
Somalia attack: Demonstrations held in Mogadishu (1/14/2020) The local government of Mogadishu organized a protest following a massive car bombing in December that killed 80 Somalians. Hundreds came out to protest the organization, which in a rare move apologized for the mass civilian casualties.
Somaliland & Somalia: The 1960 ACT OF UNION – An early lesson for Somaliland (1/31/2020) A historical outline of the developments that led to Somali unification a few days after independence, and current objections from Somaliland.
Somaliland and Somalia talks require a sound president than Farmajo (1/4/2020) The author argues that the current President Farmajo is too controversial to be able to mediate between the central government and the separatist region.
Why Turkey is entrenching roots in Somalia (1/23/2020) Turkey is increasingly building ties in Somalia, which expands Turkish influence in the divided nation.
Zimbabwe doctors end strike after billionaire's offer (1/14/2020) A strike by doctors and other medical workers in Zimbabwe has ended after a billionaire offered to fund the workers, who were striking over low pay and poor working conditions.Strive Masiyiwa, founder of a telecommunications company, had offered to set up a fund of over 6 million USD to pay for the worker’s transport and living costs for six months. The strike lasted for over four months and paralyzed the struggling country’s healthcare sector.
Sudan
After clashes, Sudan enters new cycle of power struggle (1/14/2020) - Five people have been killed in clashes across the country in an attempted coup by forces loyal to former President Omar al-Bashir, and saw the use of heavy weaponry such as artillery, tanks, and military helicopters; according to witnesses. This marks an important stage in Sudan’s revolution, as old regime forces have begun to attempt to reassert themselves, while the transitional government must attempt to hold on to power.
OCHA Sudan: 800 Nuba children can resume their education thanks to Unicef, WFP (1/27/2020) OCHA announced that UNICEF and the WFP have enabled 800 children from Nuba province to resume their education.
Protests across Sudan to expedite change (1/31/2020) Protests occurred across Sudan to demand that the government move the pace of change and reform faster.
Red Cross assists 7,800 affected by West Darfur violence (1/8/2020) The Red Cross has provided assistance to several thousand Sudanese living in West Darfur.
Sudan Ministry: 25,000 sacks of flour ‘leaked’ every day (1/26/2020) The Sudanese trade ministry has said that one out of four sacks of flour is being "leaked" or stolen.
Sudan economic policy fails to rein in food prices (1/14/2020) Sudan’s transitional government has done little to stop rising food prices as the value of the Sudanese pound continues to drop. The rising price of food has been seen as one of the flashpoints for the protests that overthrew former President Omar al-Bashir.
Sudan quells revolt of former spy service men after clashes (1/14/2020) An armed group of ex-security forces loyal to former President Omar al-Bashir clashed with soldiers of the transitional government as they attempted to seize security buildings as well as two small oilfields in Darfur. The clashes ended with no casualties after negotiations with government forces.
Sudan signs initial political and security deal with rebel group (1/14/2020) The Sudanese interim government signed an initial agreement with rebel groups, seeking to bring an end to long-standing conflicts within the state. Under the agreement, the regions of South Kordofan and the Blue Nile would be allowed to write their own laws. The deal also included the Sudan People's Liberation Movement-North group, and seeks to unify rebel militias and government troops into a single military.
Sudanese in rebel-held Kauda hope for peace after Hamdok's visit (1/14/2020) The PM of Sudan’s transitional government, Abdalla Hamdok, visited Kauda in South Kordofan on the first trip to the state by a government official to the region in nine years. Residents of the rebel stronghold formerly would monitor the skies for planes to warn of surveillance or imminent bombing.
U.S. bans Sudanese from participating in visa lottery programme (1/31/2020) US President Donald Trump announced that Sudanese citizens would not be eligible for the visa lottery due to security issues in Sudan. The order indicated that Sudan had made progress on fraudulent passport issuance and that this was subject to further review.
Sub Saharan African Countries
DRC
As measles deaths top 6,000 in DRC, WHO calls for aid (1/14/2020) The WHO has called for more funding to help fight a measles outbreak in the DRC, which has led to the deaths of 6000 people as of January. Measles cases in the DRC have greatly outnumbered the number of Ebola cases since the beginning of 2019, and the WHO has called for $40 million more to help expand vaccination campaigns, among other health efforts.
DRC government to force families to leave mines (1/14/2020) The government of the DRC wants to pay close to 10 thousand families to move off of land near lucrative cobalt mines in order to make way for foreign mining corporations, but many are refusing to leave due to mistrust of the government to provide fair compensation.
Killings and violence targeting ethnic group in DR Congo ‘may amount to crimes against humanity’ (1/14/2020) An investigation by the UN Joint Human Rights Office in the DRC has found that around 700 have died in attacks against the Hema and other communities by Lendus in the Ituri province, which were carried out between December 2017 and September 2019, which may amount to crimes against humanity. More than 550,000 have fled the Ituri region, located in the eastern DRC, since the attacks began.
More than 3,000 cases of Ebola in DRC, 2,231 dead (1/14/2020) Since the beginning of the Ebola epidemic in August 2018, the cumulative number of cases in the DRC measures at 3,373 with a total of 2,231 dead, making the outbreak the second most deadly in Africa behind the 2014 epidemic in West Africa. The current epidemic has affected the North Kivu and Ituri provinces in the east of the country the hardest.
UN: South African military plane crash-lands in Congo (1/14/2020) A South African military plane crashed and caught fire in eastern Congo, but there were no casualties, according to authorities. The plane was returning from the city of Beni, where it was providing logistical support to the South African peacekeeping contingent deployed in the region
Ethiopia
Egypt, Ethiopia, Sudan say final agreement on Blue Nile dam ready by next month (1/14/2020) Officials representing Ethiopia, Egypt, and Sudan have announced that a final deal over the controversial Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam on the Blue Nile will be announced at the end of February. The dam, which sparked a years-long diplomatic conflict, could affect water levels further along the Nile, including in Egypt’s own Aswan Dam.
Ethiopia PM asks South Africa leader to help in dam dispute (1/14/2020) Ethiopia’s PM has called for South Africa’s aid in helping to resolve a dispute between his country and Egypt over Ethiopia’s new Blue Nile dam during a state visit where PM Ahmed met with President Cyril Ramaphosa. The two also announced the signing of several trade agreements in health, tourism and telecommunications between South Africa and Ethiopia.
Ethiopia passes gun control law to tackle surge in violence (1/14/2020) Ethiopia’s parliament passed legislation to curb gun violence, requiring each region to stipulate a legal age for gun ownership, as well as limiting each person to owning one firearm legally. The spread of small arms across Ethiopia has been a vector for rising ethnic violence in the country, which has displaced more than 2.7 million people in the past 2 years.
Ethiopia sets tentative August date for elections (1/14/2020) Ethiopia has set an election date for this August, the first since President Abiy Ahmed took office in 2018. Abiy’s reformist policies have seen the country’s politics ‘open up’, but attempts to unify the country have been met with increasing ethnic violence, leading to the displacement of around 2.4 million people according to the UN.
Ethiopian journalist seeks asylum in UK, jabs touted press freedom (1/14/2020) A senior journalist with Ethiopia’s state broadcaster has sought asylum in the UK after failing to return home following a state trip to the country, citing threats by high-ranking government officials and a lack of editorial independence. This comes at a time where Abiy Ahmed’s government has ‘opened up’ Ethiopian politics and has received acclaim for allowing more freedom of the press.
Growing outcry in Ethiopia over abducted university students (1/14/2020) - There is a growing outcry in Ethiopia over government inaction in dealing with the abduction of over a dozen university students, most of them women. The government announced that 21 studentsx from a university in the Oromia region were released while six remained captive, but families say that they haven’t heard from their children and it remains unclear who committed the abductions and how many students remain captive.
Ghana
"This is your home — come here and make it yours": Ghana encourages African Americans to visit as part of the "Year of Return" campaign (1/17/2020) Ghana’s 2019 ‘Year of Return’ initiative encouraged members of the African diaspora to ‘come home’ to experience the country’s culture, arts, and more. The program saw African-American celebrities visit the country, bringing an economic boost to Ghana’s growing economy.
Ghana ranks 1st in Africa, 4th globally in latest Global Retail Development Index (1/20/2020) Ghana has been ranked the 4th highest in the world on the Global Retail Development Index, behind China, India, and Malaysia, making it the highest ranking country in Africa. The index measures the development of the retail industry across the world.
Ghana seeks India's help for its own Ujjwala (1/14/2020) Ghana has sought the Indian government’s assistance in developing fuel infrastructure, and signed a memorandum of understanding with the Modi government. The MoU would allow IndianOil to help the government of Ghana implement a program similar to Modi’s 'Ujjwala scheme’ that aimed at making cooking fuel more affordable for poor households.
Ghana's Economic Situation Was In Dire Need — Akufo-Addo (1/15/2020) President Akufo-Addo of Ghana has said that the hard work of the country and his party has saved the country from dire economic situation inherited from the previous government, ahead of elections later this year. The president highlighted the many policies of his government at the 2020 Results Fair in Accra.
Setup independent body to audit Ghana’s public debt – Economist urges govt (1/14/2020) An economist at the University of Ghana has called for the establishment of an indepedent body to audit the country’s rising debt. He also called for the country to generate more tax revenue to help reverse the trend by taxing wealthy corporations and individuals within the country
Kenya
How smuggling at Kenya-Somalia border fuels terror (1/7/2020) Terrorist groups operating in Somalia use the porous Kenyan border to smuggle weapons and other supplies into and sometimes out of Somalia.
Kenya school attacked by al-Shabab, several students killed (1/14/2020) An attack by suspected al-Shabab fighters has resulted in the deaths of several students in the northern Kenya. The attack comes as the United States increases its military presence in the region, deploying additional soldiers to the Manda Bay airbase after al-Shabab staged an attack there.
Locust swarms in Africa are worst in decades (1/14/2020) Locust swarms across East Africa, the worst in 70 years, has led to the destruction of farmland and threatens Kenya with famine. The swarm is expected to grow worse as March rains in the region could accelerate the growth of the already large swarm to be up to 500 times bigger, and poses a huge threat to agriculture and food security in Kenya.
Scientists hope to revive near-extinct northern white rhino in Kenya (1/14/2020) Scientists hope to revive the near-extinct northern white rhino in Kenya this year by implanting artificially developed embryos in a different rhino species. The species currently has only two living members after the last male died in captivity in 2018.
Some Kenyans say Chinese-built railway leaves them in the dust (1/14/2020) Reuters reports on the grievences of the Kenyans living in Kiu, which has been left behind by the new Chinese railway which passes by the town. Previously serviced by a colonial-era railway, which had 46 stops between Nairobi and Mombasa, the new Chinese-funded railway cuts travel time by half but only has 4 stops and one trip a day, leaving many Kenyans without an easy way to get to work or to access medical care.
Mali
19 Killed in Attack on Mali Army Base Near Mauritania Border (1/26/2020) Suspected Islamic extremists launched an attack on a Malian army base not far from the Mauritanian border.
Implementing peace deal only path for stabilization in Mali: UN peacekeeping chief (1/14/2020) In a report to the UN Security Council Jean-Pierre Lacroix, head of UN peacekeeping in Mali, told states that the implementation of a 2015 peace agreement is the only path to stabilization in the country. According to Lacroix, the deal “provides the framework for the required political and institutional reforms to restore and decentralize State authority, to build a Malian state that reflects the diversity and interests of all its citizens”.
Mali: Militants on motorbikes kill 20 troops, officials say (1/14/2020) Militants killed 20 in central Mali in an attack on security forces, as conflict continues across the Sahel. An official said that those killed were mainly gendarmes or paramilitary police, and that the militants also damaged and stole military equipment.
More than 50 ‘terrorists’ killed in French commando operations in Mali (1/14/2020) The French Armed Forces Ministry has claimed to have killed over 50 ‘terrorists’ in a series of operations across Mali through December and January. The operations were mainly carried out via strikes from drones and fighter jets, and comes at a time where France has called for an increase in forces deployed across the Sahel through 2020.
Pictures at an exhibition - As violence spreads across Mali, artists in the capital resist (1/14/2020) Photographers in Mali have taken to the streets as a form of resistance against rising violence in the country.
South Africa
Eskom CEO takes charge early amid South Africa power crisis (1/14/2020) Eskom's new chief executive Andre de Ruyter, appointed by President Cyril Ramaphosa, has taken charge of the state-owned power company in an effort to restructure its organization, resolve debts, and fixing a national power deficit. With the South African economy nearing recession, Eskom is seen by many as an impediment to economic growth, and has struggled to meet demands for energy since 2007 despite generating over 90 percent of the country's power.
Job cuts will depress South Africa’s limping economy even more (1/14/2020) Job cuts across many South African countries will put even more strain on the struggling economy, where around one third of the country’s labour force is already unemployed. South Africa’s economy has not grown by more than 2% per year since 2013, a number that current estimates don’t see changing any time soon.
South Africa's stateless children: 'I thought I would be shot' (1/14/2020) Al Jazeera, in the first of a four part series, reports on the conditions of children at risk of becoming stateless in South Africa.
Why Boris Johnson's immigration policies may soon benefit South Africans (1/20/2020) British Prime Minister Boris Johnson has pledged changes to UK immigration based on skills that could end up helping many potential migrants from South Africa vis a vis other African countries.
Zuma doesn’t need to return to state capture inquiry, for now (1/14/2020) In the ongoing trial of former South African president Jacob Zuma, the former president will not return to the commission of inquiry this month, as a part of the ongoing investigation into allegations of corruption during Zuma’s tenure.
South Sudan
Kiir sacks central bank chief (1/14/2020) South Sudanese President Salva Kiir Mayardit fired the country’s central bank minister in January, who had been in the position since May 2018 after the firing of his predecessor. The government did not offer any explanation for the firing.
South Sudan rivals agree to meet unity government deadline (1/14/2020) South Sudan’s rival leaders have agreed to form a unity government before the February 22nd deadline, despite ongoing disagreements on administrative issues. The two leaders agreed to arbitrate outstanding issues with the 2018 peace deal within 90 days of the new government’s formation.
South Sudan: All political parties sign a peace agreement in Sant'Egidio (1/13/2020) The Catholic community of San E'Digio announced the parties in South Sudan had reached an agreement to settle the conflict in the country. The community had been holding mediation talks for a significant amount of time.
South Sudan’s rebounding oil sector the catalyst behind growing economy (1/14/2020) A report by the World Bank attributed a rebound in South Sudan’s economic growth to the growing oil sector. The country went from a contraction of 3.5% across the 2017/18 financial year to a growth of 3.2% in 2018/19.
Sudan govt. rebels sign framework agreement in Juba (1/26/2020) In Juba, the Sudanese government and rebels led by Reik Machar signed an agreement that is the latest in a series aimed at ending the conflict.
US Diplomat Renews Push for South Sudan to Form Unity Government (1/14/2020) Tibor Nagy, the US Assistant Secretary for African Affairs, renewed pressure on South Sudan to form a unity government before resolving outstanding issues between opposition forces. "There are a number of sticky issues still outstanding between the two principals in South Sudan; we know about those. ... And here’s the deal: If they try to, as we say, cross every 't' and dot every 'i,' who knows when they can get around to announcing a unity government?" Nagy said.
US sanctions South Sudan vice president over human rights abuse (1/14/2020) The United States announced sanctions on South Sudan’s vice president and former governor of an oil-rich region in an effort to pressure the country to form a unity government. A spokesperson for South Sudan’s president decried the move, saying that the sanctions will worsen the situation in the country.
Zimbabwe
Families trek to unsafe wells as taps run dry in drought-hit Zimbabwe (1/14/2020) With the sharp fall in water resevoir levels caused by ongoing drought coupled with water cut-offs that sometimes last longer than 96 hours per week, people in Zimbabwe have been forced to turn to open water wells, despite risks of drinking untreated water that could become easily contaminated.
More woes for Zimbabwe as dam levels drop (1/14/2020) Zimbabwe, already heavily affected by drought, may be entering a new stage of the crisis as dam levels have begun to recede. According to officials, water levels in the country's major dams have started receding due to exceedingly high temperatures as well the poor rainy season resulting in low amounts of river flows, dropping the average level of water in dams to below 50%.
Zimbabwe's main opposition warns of more protests (1/14/2020) The leader of Zimbabwe’s main opposition party, the Movement for Democratic Change, warned supporters to prepare for protests designed to force political and economic change as Zimbabwe’s economy struggles under sanctions, drought, and other crises. Previously barred by authorities, police were absent from the venue as officials gave the go-ahead to the protest, having said they were ‘too busy’ to police the rally.
Thematic Section
Arts and Culture
Transforming a symbol of colonialism into a space for African art (1/14/2020) Togo's Palais De Lome, once a colonial palace used by the Germans and the French, has been transformed into an institution for Pan-African art and a place to showcase the natural beauty of Togo, as Al Jazeera reports on the $3.6m transformation of the former colonial building into a centre for the arts and culture.
Yinka Shonibare: ‘I see what’s happening as an African renaissance’ (1/14/2020) Artist Yinka Shonibare talks about his new Guest Artists Space Foundation in Lagos, which hopes to house artists from across Africa as well as to give the international art community a chance to interact with artists on the continent.
Books on Africa(n) Countries
Book on Kwame Nkrumah launched (1/15/2020) A new book is coming out detailing the efforts of Kwame Nkumrah prior to Ghanian independence.
The East African (1/25/2020) South African Author Deon Meyer has published a new book criticizing former South African President Jacob Zuma.
The Hungry and the Fat by Timur Vermes review – broad satire of migration and hypocrisy (1/31/2020) Timur Vermes has written a novel that describes both the current wave of migration from Africa and the absurdity of Western responses to it.
China, the US, Russia and Other Countries "In" Africa
Africa in the news: UK-Africa Investment Summit, Turkey’s increased engagement, and Angola fraud scandal (1/14/2020) he United Kingdom hosted a UK-Africa investment summit in London this January, as Prime Minister Boris Johnson focused on establishing a new post-Brexit trade and investment relationship with the continent.
Britain must open a new chapter in its relationship with Africa (1/20/2020) Former British Prime Minister Tony Blair writes the United Kingdom cannot abstain from the competition for influence in Africa.
Erdogan says Somalia has invited Turkey to explore for oil in its seas: NTV (1/14/2020) Turkish President Tayyip Erdogan announced a deal that would allow Turkey to explore for oil off Somalia’s coast, echoing a similar deal made with Libya last year. Turkey has been a major source of aid for the country following the 2011 famine, and has also assisted in building roads and training government military forces in the country.
France Summons African Leaders, Threatening Troop Pullout (1/14/2020) France continues to threaten the prospect of pulling out troops in the Sahel if the leaders of Mali, Niger, Burkina Faso, Chad and Mauritania do not disavow anti-French protests in the region. Demonstrations have taken place in Bamako, Mali against French military presence as well as in Niger and Burkina Faso.
France's Macron to host G5 Sahel presidents in Pau (1/14/2020) French President Emmanuel Macron hosted leaders from Mali, Burkina Faso, Chad, Mauritania, and Niger to discuss French military presence in the Sahel in the context of ongoing armed conflict within the region. Macron called for the countries to condemn opposition to French military presence as hundreds came out to Mali’s capitol to protest the French military’s presence.
Protest Held against French Military Presence in Mali (+Video) (1/14/2020) Protestors gathered in Mali’s capital of Bamako to rally against French millitary presence in the country, burning French flags and calling for the former colonial power to leave the country. The protests came ahead of a summit between French president Macron and leaders from across the Sahel to discuss military strategy in the countries’ fight against militants.
Shunned by the West and China, Zimbabwe turns to UAE (1/14/2020) Under sanction by Western countries and with China seeking little engagement with the country’s failing economy, Zimbabwe has approached the UAE in hopes of selling a stake in its national oil company as well as to sell stores of the country’s gold, according to government officials that spoke to Fin24.
US wants to reduce presence in Africa, warns top officer (1/14/2020) The Chairman of the US Joint Chiefs of Staff, General Mark Milley, has signaled that the US is looking to reduce its military presence in Africa, seeking to direct troops elsewhere instead.
Why African countries seek greater role in Libya peace process (1/14/2020) African Union leaders held a summit in Brazzaville in an attempt to play a greater role in the Libyan peace process, which many leaders see as an important African issue within the Union’s mandate.
Reports, Studies, Research on Africa(n) Countries
Atrocities Against Civilians in Central Mali, 2019 (1/31/2020) Human Rights Watch has released a report on Mali, indicating that the violence between Islamist and ethnic defense groups continues unabated.
Climate change and agriculture in the Sudan: Impact pathways beyond changes in mean rainfall and temperature (1/1/2020) South Sudan could suffer a $150bn hit to its gross domestic product (GDP) because of climate change, according to researchers.
Conflict-induced displacement as a catalyst for agricultural innovation: Findings from South Sudan (1/1/2020) A group of researchers claim that conflict-induced displacement can actually trigger longer-term innovation in the agriculture sector in South Sudan and other similarly situated states after refugees return.
How to Predict Violent Conflict in Mali and Ukraine (1/28/2020) Carnegie Europe argues statistical methods could have identified the potential likelihood for the outbreak of conflict in Mali.
Mali: Former junta leader to walk free while trial date pends (1/28/2020) Amnesty International calls a Mali court's decision to release a former military coup leader prior to trial is unjust, and harmful to victims families. Victims include twenty-one soldiers who were killed during the attempted coup in 2012.
Rwanda’s Abusive Detention of Children (1/27/2020) Human Rights Watch (HRW) has criticized the government of Rwanda for detaining street children and violating human rights.
South Sudanese refugees in Sudan, what you need to know (1/31/2020) Doctors Without Borders (MSF) has published a report detailing the conditions that refugees from South Sudan endure in camps in the north.