Faiz Ahmed is Assistant Professor of History at Brown University and a specialist in the legal history of the modern Middle East and Islamicate world. From the Ottoman Mediterranean to the Indian Ocean, Ahmed’s primary research interests include student and scholarly networks, constitutional movements, and international law and diplomacy during the long nineteenth century.
On 7 October 2001, at approximately 12:30pm EST, US and British forces launched Operation Enduring Freedom, an aerial bombing campaign with the declared objectives of overthrowing t..
